472. Studies in Foreign Policy of the Cold War. (3 s.h.)

Focused discussion of the international environment from the Russian Revolution through the collapse of the Soviet Union. Sample topics: U.S. Russian relations, the nuclear arms competition and arms control, regional rivalries, summitry, alliance politics, crisis management, intelligence agencies, and critical personalities. Emphasis on historiography and contending methodologies.

475. Studies in Comparative History of War. (3 s.h.)

Beginning with the emergence of armies and navies that can be considered "modern" because of the professional educational qualification of their officers, this course examines the historical literature dealing with warfare and armed forces around the world from the 17th century to the present.

480. Women and Gender in American Society. (3 s.h.)

Introduction to the historiography of women and gender in the United States. Although not a survey, the course highlights major themes and approaches from the colonial era to the present.

485. Gender, Class, and Nation in Modern Europe. (3 s.h.)

An exploration of changing social and economic roles of European women in the modern era and the impact of gender, class, and nationality on middle-class, working-class, and peasant women in England, France, Germany, Austria, Italy, and Russia.

490. History of Sexuality. (3 s.h.)

Studies recent work on sexuality and its relation to gender, race, class, and power. The course's emphasis is on modern U.S. and Europe because that is where the most theoretically interesting recent work has been done, but the course will also look at the ancient world and pre-modern Europe, and consider cross-cultural.

495. Women in Pre-industrial Societies. (3 s.h.)

A study of the social, economic, cultural, and political roles of women, with emphasis on pre-modern Europe but with attention also to traditional China, the Middle East, Africa, and Latin America. Particular attention to issues of empowerment vs. oppression and continuity vs. change.

518. Studies in Early Modern Europe. (3 s.h.)

European society in the medieval and early modern period. Recent research on social class, family and kinship, work, literacy, urbanization, gender, resistance and rebellion, and marginal social groups.

520. Studies in European Expansion. (3 s.h.)

This course examines the growth and decline of the modern European empires from the eighteenth century through the present-day post-colonial world. We will examine various theories of imperial expansion including economic, political, military and cultural and will look at specific topics such as gender and imperialism, post-coloniality, subalternity and resistance, colonial nationalism, and interactions between metropole and empire. The texts we will use range from some of the classic works on European imperialism to more recent texts in the fields of literary criticism, cultural studies and anthropology, as well as history.

525. Studies in Modern European History. (3 s.h.)

Readings and discussions on selected topics in modern European history.

528. Age of Enlightenment. (3 s.h.)

Examines the ideas that comprise the Enlightenment, focusing especially on the philosophers of France who helped to popularize the movement. The important topics to be studied include the origins of modern science, the critique of religion, empiricism in philosophy and psychology, political theory espousing natural rights and social contract, the foundations of classical economic theory, and the search for humanistic ethics.

529. Studies in European Social History. (3 s.h.)

Introduction to the literature in European social history. Discussion on readings and the questions, issues, and problems of current interest in the field.

532. European Military History and Policy. (3 s.h.)

Introduces the literature and problems of Europe's military history since 1789. Examines both the practical and theoretical contributions of the battlefield, the cabinet room, and the individual military leader as theorist. Social and economic factors are also considered.

561. Studies in African History. (3 s.h.)

Social and cultural history of Africa dealing with themes such as statehood, gender relations, ecology, demography, religion, and nationalism.

593-596. Directed Readings. (3 s.h.)

Preparation for the Ph.D. examination through independent supervised readings in history.

601. Studies in Japanese History. (3 s.h.)

Introduces selected issues in modern Japanese history through reading and discussion of key texts. Considers the role of native trends and foreign influences in the making of modern Japan.

624. Archives and Manuscripts. (3 s.h.)

An introduction to the theoretical and applied aspects of historical records management. Taught in cooperation with local archives and historical societies.

625. Teaching History in College. (1-3 s.h.)

Required of all teaching assistants and recommended for all graduate students interested in teaching on the college level. Methods of teaching are analyzed, including writing and delivering a lecture, leading a discussion, using audiovisual materials, writing exams, and techniques for grading.

643. Practicum in Archives and Manuscripts. (3 s.h.)

Students who have taken History 624 work for 12 hours per week at a local public or institutional archive or historical society which meets their own particular interest. Basic work in the standard professional archival operations with specific projects agreed upon between the student, the instructor, and the repository.

644. Research in Archives and Manuscripts. (3 s.h.)

Second course of Archives sequence. Students, individually directed by the instructor, will undertake an in-depth research project. Investigations will concern some aspect of an operation or administration of archival institutions, or the care and preservation of records of historical significance.

650. Seminar in Comparative History. (3 s.h.)

A research and writing seminar on topics in comparative history. Most recently this seminar has analyzed the origins, development, and repercussions of nationalism from a world-historical, comparative and historiographic perspective. Another frequently stressed theme is comparative women's history. In addition to producing a primary-source based paper, integral to the seminar is discussion of research techniques, the historian's methodology, and the craft of history.

654. Seminar in Women's History. (3 s.h.)

The students' principal task in this seminar will be the research, writing, and completion of an original paper, based on primary research, in United States Women's history. Research topics will be of the students' choosing, subject to professor's approval.

660. Seminar in American Colonial History. (3 s.h.)

Research in colonial American history, using resources locally available or by arrangement with the instructor. Research paper required, and seminar discussion of it. Topics open to negotiation.

667. Seminar in Modern American Social History. (3 s.h.)

Research seminar on race, ethnicity, gender, and poverty during the period of massive industrialization and urbanization, 1870-1940.

680. Seminar in International History. (3 s.h.)

This research seminar explores a range of subjects in international history, with particular emphasis on 20th century diplomatic and military history. Research topics are not restricted to any geographic area. Students will prepare an oral presentation and research paper on a specific subject of his/her choosing but approved by the instructor. The research will utilize some secondary but principally primary sources.

681. Seminar in African American History. (3 s.h.)

Course will cover topics in African American History and African American Women.

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