TEMPLE UNIVERSITY

Undergraduate Bulletin Updated for 1997-1998

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Course Descriptions

01802/Biology

LOWER LEVEL

C071. Human Biology (4 s.h.) (SA/D-2) FS
Not available for biology major credit; no credit if either Biology C083 or C084 is previously taken. An introduction to the principles of biology using the human as a model organism. The course covers biomolecules; the heredity, development, structure and function of the human body; and the relationship of humans to their environment. Laboratory.

C072. Ecosystems (4 s.h.) (SB) S
Prerequisites: Anthro. 60 or 61 and Anthro. 158 or permission of the instructor. Biology C071. Not available for biology major credit. Ecological principles and energy interactions in ecosystems, elements controlling population size and the resources governing population interactions, with particular emphasis on the influence of human activity on various ecosystems.

C073. Applied Biology (3 s.h.) F
Prerequisites: Biology C071. Not available for biology major credit. Emphasis on recent development in the application of biological knowledge that benefit humans and the environment. Topics include: mammalian cell culture and applications, monoclonal antibodies and their application, recombinant DNA and human gene therapy; plant tissue culture, plant breeding and transgenic crops; development and production of compounds for treatment of diseases; development of biological methods for insect control; biological control of weeds; immunology and AIDS.

C074. Plants, Food, World Hunger (3 s.h.) (SB/D-2) F
Prerequisite: Biology C071. Not available for biology major credit. Lectures cover the biology of plant growth, physiology, and reproduction; the genetic basis for plant breeding; plant improvement by genetic engineering; the role of crop plants in human nutrition; effects of the Green Revolution; world food production in developed vs. developing countries.

C075. Human Heredity (4 s.h.) (SB/D-2) F
Prerequisite: Biology C071. Not available for biology major credit. Emphasis on the transmission and expression of genetic information in humans. Topics include: introduction to Mendelian and molecular genetics; mutations and the genetic code; hereditary disorders and genetic counseling; genetic aspects of behavior; the genetics of cancer; and implications of genetic technology.

C080. Human Development (4 s.h.) (SB/D-2) FS
Prerequisite: Biology C071. Not available for biology major credit. The basic biology of human and animal reproduction and development: sperm and egg production, fertilization, conception, contraception, genetic development of sex, relationship of sex and gender, fetal development, genetic disorders and birth defects, contribution of heredity and environment to human development, and hormone cycles.

C083-C084. General Biology (4 s.h. each) (SA-SB/D-2) FS
General introductory biology for non-biology majors. First semester includes cell physiology (intro), origins of life, taxonomy, principles of evolution, animal evolution, and a survey of physiology. Second semester includes biological molecules, biochemistry, molecular biology, and genetics. Laboratory required.

C085. Marine Biology (4 s.h.) S
Prerequisite: Bio. C071. Not available for biology major credit. A general introduction to life in the oceans, including a survey of marine habitats, associated life forms, their interactions with each other and the transfer of energy within and between ecosystems. Discussion of organismal adaptations to benthic, estuarine, pelagic, planktonic and deep sea habitats. Laboratory includes demonstrations of marine organism biology and one all day field trip.

UPPER LEVEL

0103-0104. Introduction to Biology (4 s.h. each) FS
This course is the introductory course for biology majors. Prerequisites: One year of college chemistry that includes the use of algebra, one year of calculus and concurrent organic chemistry. An introduction to the basic concepts of biological science: Semester 1 covers the chemical and physical concepts used in biology, with application to chemical structures occurring in all biological systems. It concludes with cell structure, and the structure and function of the genetic material. Semester 2 covers evolutionary principles, adaptation, and phylogeny of plants and animals. Concepts and facts discussed in lecture are closely integrated with laboratory observation and experimentation. Biology 0103 is not required as a prerequisite for Biology 0104. However, students must receive a grade of C- or better in both Biology 0103 and Biology 0104 before they will be allowed to take the second required courses (Biology 0203 and 0204) in the biology curriculum.

0109-0110. Cooperative Research in Biochemistry (3 s.h.) FS
Restricted to biochemistry majors enrolled in the Cooperative Program. Independent research carried out in an off-campus laboratory. Research will be jointly supervised by a biochemistry faculty member and the research director of the off-campus laboratory. Written permission must be obtained in advance from the supervising faculty member and one of the co-administrators. Student must present a seminar on campus describing the scientific aims of the project, the experimental design, and the conclusions drawn from the experiments.

0190-0191. Extradepartmental Studies (2-3 s.h.) FS
Not available for biology major credit. Approval of the biology Honors Committee required. Permits students doing independent study projects at other universities or in a work situation to obtain credit for that work. Students must be biology majors who have completed Biology 0103, 0104, 0203, and W204. Students must obtain a sponsor on the Biology Department faculty to oversee their work and act as a liaison between the outside institution and the Biology Honors Committee. A written research report is required.

0192-0193. Cooperative Studies (2-4 s.h.) FS
For students enrolled in the Cooperative Program; not for biology concentration credit. Students obtain a job through the Cooperative Placement Office. Course grade based entirely on a research paper, related in subject matter to the job and prepared under the supervision of a Biology Department faculty member. The student is responsible for finding a departmental supervisor. 0195. Independent Study (2-3 s.h.) FS
Research under the direction of a faculty member. Not available for biology major credit. Students must obtain a sponsor and approval of the Biology Honors Committee.

0203. Genetics (4 s.h.) F
Laboratory and Recitation. Prerequisites: 0158 or permission of the instructor. Completion of Biology 0103-0104 and Chemistry 0121-0122 with a C- or better in each course. Required for major in biology. Examines the basic principles and problems of classical, biochemical, and molecular genetics. Laboratory experiments provide an introduction to genetics and molecular biology.

W204. Cell Structure and Function (4 s.h.) S
Prerequisites: Biology 0203, Chemistry 0122, and Physics 0121 (C- or better in each course). Required for major in biology. The chemistry and biological functions of important small molecules and macromolecules of the cell. Concept: the functions of cells are rooted in structures, and the structures themselves derive their characteristics from their chemical components. Laboratory.

0227. Principles of Ecology (4 s.h.) S
Prerequisites: Biology 0103-0104 and 0203. Examination of the structure, functions, and interactions of ecosystems at the physical, chemical, and biological levels. Comparative treatment of both terrestrial and marine ecosystems. Required field trips and field projects are an integral part of the course.

0233. Mammalian Anatomy (4 s.h.) F
Prerequisites: One year of General Biology. A study of the development and gross anatomy of the human. In the laboratory, the dissection of the cat, together with pertinent illustrations from man and other animals, provides a comparative survey of the anatomical structure of mammals. Laboratory.

0234. Mammalian Physiology (4 s.h.) S
Prerequisites: Introductory Biology or Biology 0233, one year of chemistry, math, and physics. Emphasis on the physiology of the normal human; consideration of disease states as counter-illustrations. Certain comparative aspects of physiology are introduced. When appropriate, discussions of function extend to the physical and biochemical level. Laboratory.

0235. General Histology (4 s.h.) S
Prerequisites: Biology 0104. A study of the fundamental techniques used in preparing tissues for microscopic examinations, followed by a detailed study of the various types of normal tissues and organs in mammals with emphasis on correlations between structure and function. Laboratory.

W237. Marine Environments I (4 s.h.) SS
Prerequisites: Permission of instructor is required and Bio. C085 or Geo. C062 and Bio. 0104 (B or better in Bio. C083-C084 is acceptable in place of Bio. 0104); or Bio. 0227 or 0245. Introduction to the major geological and biological features of accessible marine environments of the northeastern United States through lectures and onsite field collection of ecological data. Students investigate the interaction of a common marine organism with an aspect of its environment and write up the results as a journal article. One or two required local field trips, plus one four to five day trip.

0238. Marine Environments II (4 s.h.) SS
Prerequisite: Bio. W237 (may be taken concurrently). Extension of Bio. W237, with additional lectures emphasizing oceanic, midwater and deep benthic habitats; procedures for comparative field work using proper controls; use of appropriate statistics in design of field methods. A special group field project will be carried out, followed by writing of a research paper in journal style on the results obtained. One or two required field trips in addition to those in Bio. W237.

0241. Invertebrate Biology (4 s.h.) S
Prerequisites: Biology 0104. An introduction to the biology of the invertebrate phyla including insects. Demonstrations of the patterns of invertebrate evolution by consideration of morphology, behavior, development, physiology, and ecology of representative organisms. Laboratory.

0245. Marine Ecology (4 s.h.) F
Prerequisites: Bio. 0104 or Bio. C083-C084, or Bio. C085 and Geo. 062. A survey of the concepts of aquatic ecology in estuarine and marine ecosystems, emphasizing the organization and maintenance of the major aquatic communities in response to the physical, chemical, and biological characteristics of the environment, modes of energy transfer, physiological adaptation, life history characteristics, and functional morphology. Laboratory exercises stress comparative measurement of biological diversity in the marine environment. One or more field trips required.

0254. Animal Behavior (4 s.h.) S
Prerequisite: Biology C083-C084, or Biology 0103-0104. Explores the biological basis of behavior in vertebrate and invertebrate animals. Stresses physiological mechanisms that underlie behavioral responses: the receptor systems which mediate responsiveness to stimuli, and the neural and hormonal systems that integrate and control the behavior. The course also examines social, territorial, and reproductive behavior; the development and evolution of behavior; learning and imprinting; the relationship between circadian rhythms, sun-compass orientation, and animal navigation.

0265. Embryology (4 s.h.) F Prerequisite: Biology 0203 (or corequisite). A comparative study of vertebrate embryonic development, including gametogenesis, fertilization, early embryology, and analysis of differentiation of organs, tissues, and cells. The laboratory consists of simple experiments on all aspects of development, supplemented by examination of slides and models. Three hours lecture and three hours laboratory a week.

0292. Junior Honors Seminar (3 s.h.) S
Admission by application to the Biology Honors Committee. Discussion of research problems and methods as part of laboratory research. Designed to acquaint students with concepts of modern biology and to prepare them for independent research. Students should obtain a faculty sponsor before applying for admission. Graduation credit but not elective credit awarded.

0300. Directed Readings (3 s.h.) FS
Available as an elective for biology major credit by petition to the Biology Honors Committee, prior to registration. The student must make a written agreement with a biology faculty member detailing the course of study to be followed and the mechanisms of evaluation. This agreement must be submitted to the undergraduate adviser and Honors Committee for approval.

0310. Evolution (3 s.h.) S
Prerequisite: Completion of Biology 0203 (or equivalent majors-level genetics course) with a grade of B- or better. A lecture and discussion course for upper-level science majors and graduate students. Topics covered include Darwinism and neo-Darwinian theory, theories and experimental evidence for microevolution (population genetics, adaptation, natural selection, sexual selection, speciation) and macroevolution (classical and molecular techniques used to understand the evolution of living organisms).

0315. Behavioral and Neural Genetics (3 s.h.) S
Prerequisites: Completion of Biology 0203 (or equivalent majors-level genetics course) with a grade of B- or better. A lecture and discussion class for upper-level science majors and graduate students. We discuss experiments in which genetic and molecular techniques are used to analyze the mechanisms underlying behavior. We will analyze the effects of mutations on simple reflex responses to chemical stimuli and light, complex behaviors, and endogenous phenomena such as circadian rhythms and learning that modify behaviors.

0317. General Microbiology (4 s.h.) S
Prerequisites: Biology 0203 and Corequisite Chemistry 0122. A general survey of bacteria and archaebacteria. Topics include: classification; physiology, growth, and environmental impact; genetics and gene recombination; evolutionary relationships. Laboratory topics include pure culture, identification, growth, characteristics, and genetics.

0320. Human Genetics (3 s.h.) S
Prerequisites: Biology 0203 or permission of instructor. A lecture course in human heredity, emphasizing the mechanisms of inheritance and gene action in humans. Topics covered are molecular genetics, population genetics, and patterns of gene transmission.

0322. Plant Genetics (3 s.h.) S (offered every even year)
Prerequisite: Biology 0203. Current molecular and genetic analyses of classical problems in the genetics of higher plants.

0324. Molecular Biology (3 s.h.) F
Prerequisites: Biology 0203 or 0102, with a grade of C- or better and Chemistry 0122. A comprehensive introduction to molecular genetics and the biochemistry of DNA, RNA, and proteins. The structure and expression of genes in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes will be discussed with special emphasis on DNA replication, transcription, and translation. Recent developments in modern molecular biology, genetic engineering, and recombinant DNA technology will also be considered.

0325. Research Techniques in Molecular Biology (4 s.h.) F
Prerequisites: A grade of B or better in Biology 0203 and permission of the instructor. Biology 0324 is recommended but not required. Laboratory instruction in the techniques used in modern molecular biology and molecular genetics. This course takes a problem-oriented approach toward teaching the methods of DNA and RNA analysis that are used in determining the structure and function of genes. Practical experience in the preparation of DNA and RNA, modern cloning methods, restriction enzyme mapping hybridization analysis, DNA sequencing, and PCR techniques will be provided.

0329. Development Genetics (3 s.h.) F
Prerequisites: Biology 0203 and 0204. The role of genes during the periods of determination and differentiation in eukaryote development. Emphasis on the regulation of gene function and the relationship between gene function and the molecular and developmental interactions which culminate in the adult phenotype.

0330. Cell Biology (3 s.h.) F
Prerequisite: Biology 0204. Recent developments in cell biology will be discussed. Topics will include the cytoskeleton, cell cycle, and cell motility.

0333. Advanced Techniques in Microscopy (3 s.h.) F
This course will provide a survey of modern techniques in microscopy. Students will acquire a thorough grounding in general principles of optics and conventional microscopy, and learn the theory of many methods current in biology and medicine, fluorescence, confocal microscopy, video microscopy, and digital image processing and analysis.

0340. Advanced Invertebrate Biology (3 s.h.) S
Prerequisite: Biology 0241-0242 or permission of instructor. A study of the mechanisms of development using invertebrates as model systems. The class will address developmentally significant questions relevant to both vertebrates and invertebrates, including: role of lineage vs. position in determination, induction of polarity, genetics and molecular biology of segmentation, and pathfinding in the nervous system. Emphasis is on the advantages of comparative biology and invertebrate systems for analyzing patterns in development.

0344. Research Techniques (4 s.h.) S
Prerequisite: Chemistry 0371 or Biology 0375. Laboratory instruction in techniques used to investigate biological problems. Techniques include spectrophotometry, column chromatography, various types of electrophoresis, separation of macromolecules, two-dimensional analytical protein separation, affinity chroma- tography, isolation of plasmid DNA, transformation, immunoassay, enzyme kinetics, radioisotope techniques, pulse-labeling, and analysis of radioactive products. In addition, students will be given a small research project.

0352. Neurobiology (3 s.h.) S
Prerequisite: Permission of instructor. A comparative survey of vertebrate and invertebrate neurobiology intended to acquaint the student with structure and function at the level of the cell or small groups of cells.

0354. Neural Basis of Animal Behavior (3 s.h.) F
Prerequisite: One semester of neurobiology. An exploration of the relationship of neural activity and connectivity to behavior. Topics include motor control, object recognition, and learning. Examples from both vertebrate and invertebrate species. Analytic and synthetic approaches.

0355. Biological Clocks (3 s.h.) S
Prerequisite: One year of General Biology. This is a lecture course dealing with the subject of the rhythms of lifeÑdaily and seasonal. The nature of the clock, the means for resetting the clock, the clock's use in navigation, and the relationship of the clock to the environment.

0356. Organization and Development of the Nervous System (3 s.h.) F
Prerequisite: Biology 0204 or permission of instructor. This course covers developmental, anatomical, and integrative aspects of the nervous system. The relationship of form to function will be studied in a variety of systems both invertebrate and vertebrate. The course is intended to complement Neurobiology 0352/0452 so that students will have a perspective on neuroscience ranging from the molecular to the systems level.

0363. Genetic Control of Mammalian Development (3 s.h.) S
This course covers mammalian embryogenesis, and (1) the effect of chromosome and gene imprinting on development; (2) the production of, and analysis of, transgenic mice; (3) the expression of protooncogenes and oncogenes during development; and (4) the expression of homeoboxes and their effects as transgenes during development. With the exception of normal development, all of the topics are taught from journal articles.

0364. Biochemical Embryology (3 s.h.) F
Prerequisite: Biology 0203, 0204. Examination of current models concerning cytodifferentiation in vertebrate embryos, and some of the data that has been used in support of these models.

0365. Mammalian Development (3 s.h.) S
Prerequisites: Biology 0203 and 0265 or permission of instructor. Mammalian Development will be taught using primary references. Course will cover gametogenesis, fertilization and pre- and post-implantation stages. Genetic mutations and experimental procedures will be used to define developmental interactions.

0367. Endocrinology (3 s.h.) F
Prerequisites: General Biology and Organic Chemistry. Broad coverage of Òchemical messengers,Ó occurrence, biochemistry, and physiology. Vertebrate endocrinology with minor treatment of invertebrates and plants.

0370. Comparative Animal Physiology (3 s.h.) F
Prerequisites: Biology 0103-0104 and 0233 or equivalent; Chemistry C071-C072 or equivalent. A study of the experimental approach to understanding how animals have adapted physiologically to the unique physico-chemical conditions of different environments. Topics include comparison of metabolic rates, osmo- and thermoregulation, and reproductive processes among animals living in diverse aquatic and terrestrial habitats. Animals' physiological adaptations are correlated with their morphology, life cycles, and behavior. Vertebrate animals are stressed. There is an opportunity for students to do reports on particular animals or physiological systems that interest them.

0371. Cell Proliferation (3 s.h.) F
Prerequisite: Biology 0203 and W204. Cell proliferation and its control: model systems, comparisons of proliferating cells with non-proliferating cells, controls of cell division and how that control is modified in proliferative diseases such as cancer, and the relationships between proliferation and differentiation.

0374. Physical Biochemistry (3 s.h.) S
Prerequisites: Chemistry C071-C072, C073-C074, or C091-C092, two semesters of calculus, and one semester of calculus-based physics; Pre- or Corequisites: second semester physics. The course covers those aspects of computer simulation of molecular dynamics and statistical mechanics of use to biochemists and biologists interested in molecular modeling. The course is computer intensive.

0375. General Biochemistry I (3 s.h.) F
Prerequisites: Chemistry 0121 and Biology 0103 and 0104 or permission of instructor. Properties of water (pH and buffers); Chemistry of amino acids and proteins including the influence of non-covalent bonds; carbohydrates, nucleotides and nucleic acids; lipids and membranes; enzyme mechanisms and kinetics; control of enzyme activity; bioenergetics and oxidative metabolism; biophysics and chemistry of photosynthesis.

0381. Membrane Biochemistry and Biophysics (3 s.h.) S
Prerequisite: Biology 0204, 0234, or permission of instructor. Elementary treatment useful for preprofessional students. Membrane equilibria, diffusion, protonmotive force as alternative to ATP, cellular homeostasis, ionic basis of nerve and muscle function, purification, cloning and molecular physiology of channels, porters, and pumps.

0384. Organogenesis (3 s.h.) S
Prerequisite: Biology 0265 or permission of instructor. An analysis, based upon the experimental literature, of the processes which result in organogenesis during embryonic development. Emphasis on correlations between morphological and biochemical specializations. Topics include patterns of differentiation, morphogenetic movements, epithelial-mesenchymal interactions, and the role of extracellular matrix in differentiation.

0385. Contemporary Biology (3 s.h.) S
Prerequisite: Biology 0204, 0234, or permission of instructor. Advanced discussion of selected topics.

0387-0388. Advanced Special Topics in Biochemistry (3 s.h.) FS
Prerequisite: Chemistry 0371 or permission of instructor. Advanced lecture course. Subject matter varies from semester to semester.

0391-0392. Honors Research (4 s.h., 2-4 s.h. respectively) FS
Prerequisites: Senior standing and a GPA of 3.0 or better. Research under the supervision of a faculty member. A written report and an oral presentation of the student's research are required in Biology 0392. Upon completion, the student is awarded Distinction in Biology. Available for Biology major credit (one elective course) by recommendation of the faculty sponsor and approval of the Biology Honors Committee.

0393-0394. Research in Biochemistry (3 s.h.) FS
Research in the laboratory of one of the biochemistry faculty. Written approval must be obtained in advance from the faculty member and one of the co-administrators.

0396. Honors Seminar in Biochemistry (3 s.h.) S
Student presentation of research done in this course (and Biology 0393, 0394) or a comprehensive presentation of a topic selected jointly by student and adviser. Emphasis placed on analysis of experimental techniques, quantitative interpretation of the data, logical analysis of controls, and implication of the results. Admission to this course and the honors track as well as recommendation for graduation with honors must be approved by the Biochemistry Committee. This course required for graduation with honors.

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