No.

Chars.

Cochinchinese.

Chinese.

1.

Troi.
Les Cieux.
The Heavens.
[trời]

* This character is formed out of two Chinese characters; the four strokes at the top are the Chinese character tien, heaven [G. 1798]; the three lower ones are the character chang, which means above, superior. [G. 7. Thus it might be read in Chinese Tien-chang, Heaven above.]
M. Klauroth (Asia Polygl. 369) writes this word [in the Anamitie language] bloei.

2.

Dui chua troi.
Dieu.
God.
[đức chúa trời]

A. Chinese te, virtus, beneficium. G. 2719.
[The first syllable dui, according to the Cochinchinese and Latin Dictionary which follows, is generic for all the virtues.  Thus, Dui lin, faith; dui cau bang, justice, &c.  It is also used as an adjective for most excellent.]
The second syllable is represented by the Chinese character tchu, dominus, (G. 35,) and has the same signification.
For the third syllable troi, see above, No. 1.
[Thus God is called “the most excellent Lord of heaven.”]
The Court of Rome has decided that thian or tien tchu (the Sovereign of heaven) is the most suitable way for expressing in Chinese the idea of God.
Theological expressions in this Vocabulary may be generally considered as devised by Europeans.

3.

Thien dang.
Le Paradis.
Paradise.
[thiên đàng]

A. Tien, Heaven. G. 1798.
[Mr. Morrison writes it T’hëen. M. 576.]
B. Thang, a hall, a temple. G. 1633.
[Thang, a dignified, honourable mansion; a palace; a temple; a court or hall of justice; a hall or public room. M. 512.
These words mean, therefore, “The palace or the temple of heaven.” The Chinese say the garden, M. verbo Paradise.]

4.

Thien Than.
Les Anges.
Angels.
[thiên thần]

A. See above, No. 3.
B. Chin, [or Shin.] a spirit. G. 7025. [M. verbo angel.]  It is the expression used by the Jesuits in China.

5.

Thanh.
Les Saints.
The Saints—Christians.
[thánh]

This appears to be an abbreviation of the character Ching, by which the Christians in China express the same idea. G. 8360. [M. verbo Saints.]

6 .

Dui chua ba.
La mere de Dieu.
The Virgin Mary.
[đức chúa bà]

For A and B, see No. 2.
C.* Pha, a woman’s name. M. 1. 610. 2.
[In Cochinchinese Ba signifies Queen.  See the Dictionary.  So the Virgin Mary is here called “the most excellent Lady and Queen.”]
In some Chinese books, the Virgin is designated by the words Ching mou, the Holy Mother.

7.

Mat troi.
Le Soleil.
The Sun.
[mặt trời]

[Mat, face; troi, the heav ens; the face in the heavens.]
A.* is composed of the 176th Chinese radical mian, a face; and the 75th mou, tree or wood.  This last appears to be intended to indicate the pronunciation. [B. See No. 1. A.]
Klaproth (Asia Polygl. 369) nhot, nhit.  Balbi (Atlas) mat bloi (the sun.)

8.

𦝄

Mat trang.
La Lune.
The Moon.
[mặt trăng]

[Mat, face; trang, white; the white face.]
[A. See above, No. 7, A.]
B.* This character is composed of the 74th Chinese radical youei, the moon; and the Chinese character ling, high, eminent. G. 1777.
[The Cochinchinese Dictionary has the following, verbo trang: trăng vel blăng, Luna.
Trăng, albus, a, um; the latter has an acute accent

9.

嵬 星

Ngoi sao.
Les Etoiles.
The Stars.
[ngôi sao]

A. Chinese wei, a high hill.  M. 2. 46. 2.
B. Sing, the stars.  G. 3900.

10.

熯 創

Anh Sang.
Les rayons du soleil.
The Sun’s rays.
[ánh sáng]

A. Chinese Han, to dry by fire. G. 5521.
B. Perhaps tchhouang, to begin.  G. 829, or a sharp sword. G. 743.

11.

創

Sang.
La Lumière.
The light.
[sáng]

* [Chinese kwang.  Same meaning, character different. M. 6707.  Also, in Anglo-Chinese Dictionary, verbo light.]

12.

氣

Khi.
L’air.
The air.
[khí]

Chinese khi, the air.  G. 4828.

13.

𩄎

Moi.
Les nuages.
The clouds.
[mây]

* This character seems composed of the 173rd Chinese radical, tu, rain; and a group which is pronounced mey.  See G. 11973.
This explanation, however, is only conjectural.  Klaproth gives mua, in Anamitic for the clouds.

14.

𩆷 𩂶

Sam set.
Le tonnerre.
Thunder.
[sấm sét]

A. Tsan or San, drizzling rain.  M. 3. 655. 2.
B.* Klaproth, Sam, thunder.

15.

񠮆  

Chop.
La foudre.
The thunderbolt.
[chớp 𩅀]

* The 173rd radical tu, rain, and the group Cho or Tsuh [to lay hold of, to catch.]  M. 1178.

16.

񣊑

Gio.
Le vent.
The wind.
[gió]

* The group is pronounced yu.  G. 250. Klaproth djo.

17.

雪

Thuyet.
La neige.
The snow.
[tuyết]

Siouei [the snow.]  G. 11948.  Klaproth, thouyet.

18.

񪀀  

Mua.
La pluie.
Rain.
[mưa 𩅹]

* The same as No. 13, with part of the radical 162.
[This radical, in Remusat’s Chinese Grammar, is tchho, to walk (marcher); in Marshman’s Clavis Sinica it is Vih, a city.]

19.

𩂟 霜

Mu Suong.
Le rosée.
The dew.
[mù sương]

A. Fuh, a rainy appearance.  M. 3. 643.
B. Chouang, a white frost.  G. 11984.