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Hearing Impairments:
Students who are deaf or hard of hearing require that all spoken information be
presented with text as well. Additionally, the spoken text must be synchronized
and exactly matched to the printed text. This design principle makes good sense
for all students. Many students have difficulty attending to text while
listening to completely different information, but this design principle is
essential for students with hearing impairments. They will not be aware of
information that is not presented textually.
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