LSS Partnerships
No. 105 A Guide for Teachers


Building Healthy Homework Habits
by
Eva Patrikakou, Roger Weissberg, Mary Hancock,
Michelle Rubenstein, and Jennifer Zeisz
Laboratory for Student Success

One of the key goals of the Laboratory for Student Success (LSS) is to encourage school, family, and community partnerships to improve the academic performance and the socioemotional development of children and youth. Teachers face the challenge of educating an increasingly diverse student population which is growing up in varied home environments. Families and schools are both active participants in the education of children and youth. Parents/guardians and teachers need to collaborate to improve student achievement and school performance. Family members and educators each have a distinctive yet interrelated role to play, and each has an important voice to be heard.

In order for students to succeed in the classroom, they must develop a structure of self-reliance and responsibility in the elementary school years. Parents and teachers can collaborate in this process by enforcing good homework habits at home and at school. When parents and teachers work together to achieve learning success, children can develop healthy homework habits that last a lifetime!

Getting Started

    Establish a homework routine


    It is important to establish a homework routine so that students and parents know what to expect. For example, on Mondays, introduce vocabulary words and have students use them in a sentence. On Tuesdays, have students practice spelling each of the vocabulary words. On Wednesdays, review the vocabulary words and meanings with students in preparation for a quiz on Thursday.

    Send a letter to parents explaining your expectations for homework


    The letter should include:

    • information about the homework routine
    • the amount of time students should spend reading, studying, and completing homework assignments per day
    • information about how homework will be scored and how it will contribute to students’ grades
    • specific suggestions for helping children with homework

    The letter should also:

    • ask parents to review homework assignments and check if they are complete, neat, and accurate
    • ask parents to provide you with their feedback on homework assignments
    • let parents know when and how to contact you if they have concerns or questions about their child’s work
    • provide parents with information about homework resources (e.g., homework hotlines)

    Ideas for Making Good Homework Assignments

      Provide simple written instructions with each assignment so that parents can help if necessary. Include the due date and how it will be scored.


    • Have students make a homework folder or assignment notebook. Make sure that they record assignments and that the notebook/folder goes home with them every day.
    • Use a large “Homework Chart” in class to track students’ efforts.
    • Students should be able to understand the task and complete it successfully. Use only information and materials which are readily available to students.
    • Keep assignments interesting, not too long, and related to your lessons. Assignments that lead to further exploration of a topic, a new application of skills, or stimulation of home discussion will receive more attention than assignments perceived as “busywork.”
    • At least once a week, give an “interactive” assignment which encourages parental participation. Provide parents with tips on how they can reinforce classroom learning at home (e.g., count the forks when setting the dinner table).
    • Don’t wait until the end of class to give homework assignment. Explain and discuss the task early on so that students can see how it is related to the lesson and have time to understand what is expected. If possible, let students start work at the end of class when you are available to answer questions.

      Provide prompt, specific feedback and praise


      Without feedback, the positive impact of homework on student performance is greatly diminished. Return graded homework papers as quickly as possible. Your feedback should offer practical suggestions for improvement where necessary and should always praise students for their efforts:

        “Your story shows great imagination, Chris! It was fun to read. Next time please check and correct the spelling on your new words.”

        “Good work, Sally, all of your fractions are correct. Please review how to write out mixed numbers.”

    Keeping Up the Good Work

      Request student feedback


      On occasion, ask students for their perspective on assignments. This “reality check” may improve your understanding of students’ behavior and work habits. Some questions which may help you revise your assignments: How long did it take you to complete this assignment? Did you find it interesting? How difficult was it on a scale from 1 (easy) to 10 (difficult)?

      Request parent feedback


      Instead of signing off that a homework assignment is complete, have parents fill out a quick checklist that you can xerox and attach to homework sheets:

      ____ How long did it take your child to complete this assignment?
      ____ My child completed this assignment on his/her own.
      ____ My child completed this assignment with some help.
      ____ My child needs more work on this skill/topic in class.
      ____ I need more information to help my child with this type of assignment.

      If parents do not respond to the checklist or the student continues to have problems with homework, follow up with a call/meeting with the parent.

    Increasing Homework Completion Rate
     

    • Let students and parents know how much homework will count. Incorporate homework scores into the course grade. Or use a separate Homework Report Card which describes students’ homework efforts for the grading period.
    • Develop a reward schedule to reinforce homework completion, (e.g., give a student a small prize or privilege for completing three assignments in a row). Some ideas for prizes include school pencils, erasers, and stickers; privileges might include allowing the student to be first in line for lunch/recess or to choose a book for class reading. Make a sign to congratulate students who are consistent in their homework completion (“Follow these leaders…Michael, Amanda….”) or post a photo of the “Hip Hop Homework Club.”
    • To encourage the entire class to work on homework, offer a prize (10 minutes of extra recess or a class game) if everyone completes an assignment on time.
       

    Contact LSS Information Services for a companion brochure for parents and for additional brochures on homework involvement and positive communication.

    Partnerships is a publication of the Laboratory for Student Success (LSS), the mid-Atlantic Regional Educational Laboratory at Temple University Center for Research in Human Development and Education. For information about the LSS and other LSS publications, contact the Laboratory for Student Success, 1301 Cecil B. Moore Avenue, Philadelphia, PA 19122-6091; Telephone: (215) 204-3000; also visit the LSS website at http://www.temple.edu/LSS. Copyright © 1997 Temple University Center for Research in Human Development and Education.