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PRESENCE 2005
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| Conference
Proceedings
[ ISBN 0-9551232-0-8 ] |
PRESENCE 2005 took place in London and was hosted by University College London September 21-23, 2005. The conference was organized by ISPR, the International Society for Presence Research and is supported by the European Commission's FET Presence Research Initiative through the Presencia project and by University College London.
A list of the papers and presentations from the conference with links to Adobe Acrobat (.pdf) files containing each paper, is below. Click here to view or download the complete conference proceedings in a large (15.8 mb) file.
Click here to view or download the Presencia Demonstrations handout (in an Adobe Acrobat .pdf file).
As of October 2005 a very small number of original printed versions of the proceedings are available for purchase from UCL. Please contact j.giwa@cs.ucl.ac.uk for further details. The cost is £25 plus postage.
If you have questions or problems, please send an e-mail message to help@ispr.info.
CONFERENCE PAPERS AND PRESENTATIONS
DAY 1: Wednesday 21st September
Keynote Talk 1
Chair: Gert Pfurtscheller, Laboratory of Brain-Computer Interfaces, Institute for Computer Graphics and Vision, Graz University of Technology, Austria
| 10.00-11.00 | Experimenting with Ada: Towards Collective Mixed-reality Environments |
| Paul F.M.J. Verschure, Institute of Neuroinformatics, University & Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zuric | |
| We have constructed a shared mixed reality environment that can support simultaneous interaction with dozens of humans. This space, called Ada, was presented at the Swiss national exhibition Expo.02 and was visited by 553.700 people during the 6 months of this event. Ada raises a number of questions concerning the methods and technologies that facilitate the construction of real-world systems consisting of very dense sensor and effector networks, and the approaches that allow for effective interactions between such a space and its visitors. Ada's design was based on a neuromorphic approach where the artefact itself was conceived as a sentient organism, its central control systems were based on large-scale neuronal models and its modes of interaction as behaviours subserving specific allocentric needs. In this presentation I will describe the key components of Ada and present a quantitative and qualitative analysis of its performance and impact on human behaviour and experience. |
Session 1: Interacting with a Brain
Chair: Edwin Blake, Department of Computer Science, University of Cape Town, South Africa
| 11.30-12.00 | An
Investigation of Collective Human Behavior in Large-scale, Mixed Reality
Spaces Kynan Eng1, Matti Mintz2, and Paul F.M.J. Verschure1 1 Institute of Neuroinformatics, University/ETH Zurich, Switzerland 2 Department of Psychology, Tel-Aviv University, Israel |
| 12.00-12.30 | Walking from Thoughts: Not the Muscles are Crucial, But
the Brain Waves! Robert Leeb1, Claudia Keinrath1, Doron Friedman2, Christoph Guger3, Christa Neuper1,4, Maia Garau2, Angus Antley2, Anthony Steed2, Mel Slater2 and Gert Pfurtscheller1,5 1 Laboratory of Brain-Computer Interfaces, Institute for Computer Graphics and Vision, Graz University of Technology, Austria 2 Department of Computer Science, University College London, United Kingdom 3 g.tec - Guger Technologies OEG, Austria 4 Department of Psychology, University of Graz, , Austria 5 Ludwig-Boltzmann Institut für medizinische Informatik und Neuroinformatik, Graz University of Technology, Austria |
| 12.30-12.45 | Reliving VE Day with Schemata Activation Phil Turner1, Susan Turner1, and Dimitrios Tzovaras2 1 School of Computing, Napier University, UK 2 Informatics and Telematics Institiute, Thermi-Thessaloniki, Greece |
Session 2: Body, Space and Motion
Chair: Paul F.M.J. Verschure, Institute of Neuroinformatics University/ETH Zürich
| 15.45-16.15 | Is this My Hand I see before me? The Rubber Hand Illusion
in Reality, Virtual Reality and Mixed Reality Wijnand IJsselsteijn, Yvonne de Kort, and Antal Haans Human-Technology Interaction Group, Department of Technology Management, Eindhoven University of Technology, The Netherlands |
| 16.15-16.30 | Influence of Auditory Cues on the Visually Induced Self-Motion
Illusion (Circular Vection) in Virtual Reality Bernhard Riecke, Jörg Schulte-Pelkum, Franck Caniard, & Heinrich H.Bülthoff Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Tübingen, Germany |
| 16.30-17.00 | Neural Processing of Spatial Information: What we know
about place cells and what they can tell us about presence Jorge Brotons1, Shane O'Mara2 and Mavi Sanchez-Vives1 1 Instituto de Neurociencias de Alicante, Universidad Miguel Hernandez-CSIC, Spain 2 Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland |
Session 3: Interaction with Avatars
Chair: Doron Friedman, Department of Computer Science, University College London, UK
| 17.30-18.00 | The Effect of Behavioral Realism and Form Realism of Real-Time
Avatar Faces on Verbal Disclosure, Nonverbal Disclosure, Emotion Recognition,
and Copresence in Dyadic Interaction Jeremy N. Bailenson1, Nick Yee1, Dan Merget2, and Ralph Schroeder3 1 Department of Communication, Stanford University, USA 2 Department of Computer Science, Stanford University, USA 3 Oxford Internet Institute, University of Oxford, UK |
| 18.00-18.30 | BASIC: A Believable, Adaptable, Socially Intelligent Character
for Social Presence Daniela Romano, Gary Sheppard, James Hall, Adam Miller, Zhinan Ma Department of Computer Science, University of Sheffield, UK |
| 18.30-18.45 | Virtual Encounters. Creating Social Presence in Net-based
Collaborations Sabine Rüggenberg, Gary Bente, and Nicole C. Krämer Department of Psychology, University of Cologne, Germany |
| 18.45-19.00 | Non-verbal Communication for Correlational Characters Marco Gillies and Mel Slater Department of Computer Science, University College London, UK |
DAY 2: Thursday 22nd September
Keynote Talk 2
Chair: Matthew Lombard, Mass Media & Communication, Temple University, USA
| 09.00-10.00 | Issues of Law and Ethics in the Design and Use of Virtual
Environments Woodrow Barfield, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, USA |
| Recent advances in the technologies associated with wearable computing, virtual environments, and computer-mediated realities has led to interesting legal, policy, and ethical issues and concerns. We are now at the stage in technological development where we can begin to build on-line virtual or computer-mediated communities, and where people can spend significant amounts of time. In these worlds it is pertinent to ask, should there be any rules, laws, policies, or ethics to govern human interactions? For example, what will happen when the real and virtual merge and become indistinguishable, or when cyberspace spills out into a computer-mediated reality? What will be the role, if any, of the government in regulating and setting policy for conduct in virtual communities or computer-mediated spaces, and what will be the role for the Courts in interpreting and carrying out the law? Will the traditional roles and functions performed by the government and courts in real-world environments, by analogy be transferred to virtual communities? Can cyberlaw reach outside someone's electric eyeglasses and into the real world that he or she is computationally mediating? Should virtual space be treated like real space? Should real space be treated like virtual space? Should existing property, contract, tort, and criminal law wash across the dissolved boundaries of computer-mediated perception? And should one even be able to own a piece of virtual space? The above set of questions are timely and interesting given current technological developments in virtual and computer mediated reality displays, and law scholars have already begun the discussion of whether interactions in virtual space should be governed in a similar manner as real space, but the results to date are inconclusive. However, since governmental bodies are already prominent in creating statutes to govern on-line electronic commerce, it may not be much of a leap to assume that such bodies may also see it within their province to begin the active process of codifying and creating policy for the full range of human activities occurring in virtual environments. This talk will review basic issues of law for virtual environments and will attempt to serve as a warning bell for the "presence" community that now is the time for the community to get involved in setting the policy that will guide interactions in virtual environments. |
Session 4: Meta Presence
Chair: Cristina Botella Arbona, Universitat Jaume I, Spain
| 10.00-10.30 | Sharing and Analysing Presence Experiments Data Doron Friedman1, Andrea Brogni1, Angus Atley1, Christoph Guger2 and Mel Slater1 1 Department of Computer Science, University College London, UK 2 g.tec - Guger Technologies OEG, Austria |
| 10.30-10.45 | The Big Picture: Gaining Perspective by Examining Patterns
in the (Tele)Presence Literature Matthew Lombard and Matthew T. Jones Mass Media & Communication, Temple University, USA |
| 10.45-11.00 | Are We Persuaded
by Feeling “Part of the Action”?
Exploring the Similarities between the Transportation Imagery Model and
Presence Cheryl Campanella Bracken Department of Communication, Cleveland State University, USA |
Session 5: Individual and Cultural Effects
Chair: Frank Biocca, Telecommunications, Information Studies and Media Communication Arts and Sciences, Michigan State University, USA
| 11.30-12.00 | Individual Differences in the Sense of Presence Ivan Alsina Jurnet, Cristina Carvallo Beciu, and José Gutiérrez Maldonado Grupo de investigación sobre aplicaciones de la realidad virtual en Psicología clínica, University of Barcelona, Spain |
| 12.00-12.30 | The Impact of Personality Factors on the Experience of
Spatial Presence Ana Sacau1, Jari Laarni2, Niklas Ravaja2, and Tilo Hartmann3 1 University Fernando Pessoa, Portugal 2 Helsinki School of Economics, Finland 3 Department of Journalism and Communication Research, Hanover University of Music and Drama, Germany |
| 12.30-13.00 | Culture Matters - A Study on Presence in an Interactive
Movie Jun Hu and Christoph Bartneck Department of Industrial Design, Eindhoven University of Technology, The Netherlands |
Session 6: Talking Faces and Social Collaboration
Chair: Jonathan Freeman, Department of Psychology (i2 media research), Goldsmiths College, University of London
| 15.00-15.30 | The Influence of Lip Animation on the Perception of Speech
in Virtual Environments Johan Verwey and Edwin Blake Department of Computer Science, University of Cape Town, South Africa |
| 15.30-16.00 | Providing High Social Presence for Mobile Systems via
an Unobtrusive Face Capture System Miguel A. Figueroa-Villanueva1, Frank A. Biocca2, Chandan K. Reddy1, Jannick P. Rolland3, and George C. Stockman1 1 Computer Science and Engineering Department, Michigan State University East Lansing, USA 2 Department of Telecommunications, Michigan State University East Lansing, USA 3 School of Optics University of Central Florida Orlando, USA |
| 16.00-16.30 | A Study of Influential Factors on Effective Closely-Coupled
Collaboration Based on Single User Perceptions Oliver Otto, David J. Roberts, and Robin Wolff The Centre for Virtual Environments, University of Salford, UK |
| 16.30-17.00 | Social Presence in Two- and Three-dimensional Videoconferencing Joerg Hauber1, Holger Regenbrecht2, Aimee Hills2, Andrew Cockburn1 and Mark Billinghurst1 1 University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand 2 University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand |
Session 7: Presence Theory and Experimentation
Chair: Miriam Reiner, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology Department of Education in Technology and Science Haifa, 32000, Israel
| 17.30-18.00 | Agency and Presence: A Common Dependence on Subjectivity? Gerardo Herrera1, Rita Jordan2 and Lucía Vera1 1 Autism & Learning Difficulties Group, Robotics Institute, University of Valencia, Spain 2 School of Education, University of Birmingham, United Kingdom |
| 18.00-18.30 | When Presence and Emotion are Related and When They are
Not Jonathan Freeman1, Jane Lessiter1, Katherine Pugh1 and Ed Keogh2 1 Department of Psychology (i2 media research), Goldsmiths College, University of London 2 Department of Psychology, University of Bath |
| 18.30-18.45 | Schemata, Narrative and Presence Dan Pinchbeck and Brett Stevens Department of Creative Technologies, University of Portsmouth, UK |
| 18.45-19.00 | The Role of Content Preference on Thematic Priming in
Virtual Presence Ilda Ladeira2, David Nunez1 and Edwin Blake2 1 Department of Psychology, University of Cape Town, South Africa 2 Department of Computer Science, University of Cape Town, South Africa |
DAY 3: Friday 23rd September
Keynote Talk 3
Chair: Anthony Steed, Department of Computer Science, University College London, UK
| 09.00-10.00 | Presence for Sale: The Competitive Edge of Using VR Carolina Cruz Niera, Virtual Reality Applications Center, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA Virtual reality is no longer a discipline exclusive to academics and researchers. Industry has realized the potential of this technology to obtain a competitive edge on the race to place products in the market. Virtual reality offers companies the ability to design, analyze, evaluate, and deploy a new product entirely within a digital world. This digital world provides a powerful communication tool in which designers, engineers, marketers, and customers can experience the product in the context pertinent to each one of them. They can carry discussions and understand each other through the visual, auditory, and even haptic product representations. Through VR, potential product flaws can be identified earlier, customers' preferences can be studied, and bolder designs can be addressed. The ability to bring humans into a digital world that "looks and feels real" and that contains an augmented reality of the product and its operation environment opens new and unexplored opportunities to leverage industry competitive expertise. This talk will review the presenter's experiences on taking VR out of the research area into the commercial world, focusing on a range of experiments conducted to characterize the critical elements of VR as a working environment for commercial products. The talk will continue with a discussion on the business value of VR and the presentation of several success stories on current commercial uses of this technology. The talk will end with a look into the future trends and expectations of VR in industry. |
Session 8: Interactivity and Usability - Theory and Practice
Chair: Anna Spagnolli, University of Padua, Italy
| 10.00-10.30 | Towards a Model for a Virtual Reality Experience: The
Virtual Subjectiveness Narcís Parés and Roc Parés Experimentation on Interactive Communication Audiovisual Institute, Universitat Pompeu Fabra Barcelona, Spain |
| 10.30-11.00 | A Virtual Playground for the Study of the Role of Interactivity
in Virtual Learning Environments Maria Roussou and Mel Slater Department of Computer Science, University College London, UK |
| 11.00-11.15 | Analysis of Subject Behavior in a Virtual Reality User
Study Jurgen P. Schulze1, Andrew S. Forsberg1, and Mel Slater2 1 Department of Computer Science, Brown University, USA 2 Department of Computer Science, University College London, UK |
| 11.15-11.30 | Exploring the Relationships Between the Usability of a
Medium and the Sense of Spatial Presence Perceived by the User Andreas Nosper1, Katharina-Maria Behr1, Tilo Hartmann1 and Peter Vorderer2 1 Department of Journalism and Communication Research, Hanover University of Music and Drama, Germany 2 Annenberg School for Communication, University of Southern California, Los Angeles USA |
Session 9: Multimodal Presence
Chair: Mavi Sanchez-Vives, Instituto de Neurociencias de Alicante, Universidad Miguel Hernandez-CSIC, Spain
| 12.00-12.30 | Multi-Modal Stimulation, Response Time and Presence David Hecht1, Miriam Reiner1, and Gad Halevy2 1 Technion - Israel Institute of Technology Department of Education in Technology and Science Haifa, 32000, Israel 2 The University of Haifa Haifa, 31905, Israel |
| 12.30-13.00 | A Comparison of the Effect that the Visual and Haptic
Problems Associated with Touching a Projection Augmented Model Have on
Object-presence Emily Bennett and Brett Stevens Department of Information Systems and Computer Applications, University of Portsmouth, UK |
| 13.00-13.15 | Difficulties
Using Passive Haptic Augmentation in the Interaction within a Virtual
Environment. R. Viciana-Abad, A. Reyes-Lecuona, F.J. Cañadas-Quesada Department of Electronic Technology, University of Málaga, Spain |
| 13.15-13.30 | The Value of Reaction-Time Measures in Presence Research:
Empirical Findings and Future Perspectives Christoph Klimmt1, Tilo Hartmann1, Andre Gysbers1, and Peter Vorderer2 1 Department of Journalism & Communication Research, Hanover University of Music and Drama, Germany 2 Annenberg School for Communication, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, USA |
Session 10: Presence: Past, Present, and Future (The OMNIPRES Project)
Chair: TBA
| 15.00-16.30 | The panel will take a bird's eye view of the field, overview
the current Presence initiative, and look ahead towards new Presence research.
With views directed towards the past, present, and future of presence research,
the panel will outline key presence research accomplishments, current issues,
and suggest possible trends and recurring themes. The panelists will seek
to engage the audience in a discussion of the current state and direction
of presence research.
Presence Past Presence Present |
Session 11: Therapy
Chair: Daniela Romano, Department of Computer Science, University of Sheffield, UK
| 17.00-17.30 | Play Therapy Utilizing the Sony Eye Toy Anthony Brooks and Eva Petersson Aalborg University Esbjerg, Denmark |
| 17.30-17.45 | An Augmented Reality System for the Treatment of Acrophobia M. C. Juan1, D. Pérez1, D. Tomás1, B. Rey1, M. Alcañiz1, C. Botella2 and C. Baños3 1 MedICLab, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Spain 2 Departamento de Psicología Básica y Psicobiología (UJI), Spain 3 Universidad de Valencia, Spain |
| 17.45-18.00 | Using Virtual Reality to Provide Nutritional Support to
HIV+ Women Sarah Brown1, David Nunez2 and Edwin Blake1 1 Department of Computer Science, University of Cape Town, South Africa 2 Department of Psychology, University of Cape Town, South Africa |
Session 12: Gaming and Connected Presence
Chair: Cheryl Campanella Bracken, Cleveland State University, USA
| 18.00-18.30 | Spatial Presence and Emotions during Video Game Playing:
Does it Matter with Whom You Play? Niklas Ravaja1, Timo Saari1, Marko Turpeinen2 Jari Laarni1, Mikko Salminen1, and Matias Kivikangas1 1 M.I.N.D. Lab/CKIR, Helsinki School of Economics, Finland 2 Helsinki Institute for Information Technology, Finland |
| 18.30-18.45 | Learning, Experience and Cognitive Factors in the Presence
Experiences of Gamers: An Exploratory Relational Study David Nunez1 and Edwin Blake2 1 Department of Psychology, University of Cape Town, South Africa 2 Department of Computer Science, University of Cape Town, South Africa |
| 18.45-19.00 | Being There Together and the Future of Connected Presence Ralph Schroeder Oxford Internet Institute, UK |
Conference Close
| 19.00 | Closing Remarks |
| 19.15 | Pub |
Additional Short Papers
Integration of a Brain-Computer Interface into Virtual Environments
Christoph. Guger1, Gunter Edlinger1, Robert Leeb2,
Angus Antley3, Doron Friedman3 and Mel Slater3
1g.tec - Guger Technologies OEG, A-8020 Graz, Austria
2 Laboratory of Brain-Computer Interfaces, Graz University
of Technology, Austria
3 Department of Computer Science, University College London,
United Kingdom
“Being There” in
New Media Art: Evaluating the Feeling of Presence During Mediated Art
Experiences
Jeanne Figueira Grossetti and Cheryl Campanella Bracken
Cleveland State University, USA
Using Visual Augmentations to Influence Spatial Perception in Virtual Representations
of Real
Scenes
Claus B. Madsen and Lisbeth W. Lorentzen
Laboratory of Computer Vision and Media Technology, Aalborg University, Denmark
Self-Induced Footsteps Sounds in Virtual Reality: Latency, Recognition,
Quality and Presence
Rolf Nordahl
Medialogy, Aalborg University Copenhagen, Denmark
Phasic
Heart Rate Response in Virtual Environments
Gert Pfurtscheller1,2,
Robert Leeb1, Christoph Guger2 and Mel Slater3
1 Laboratory of Brain-Computer Interfaces, Graz University of
Technology, Austria
2 g.tec - Guger Technologies OEG, A-8020 Graz, Austria
3 Department of Computer Science, University College London, United
Kingdom
Social Presence as Presentation
of Self
Ruth Rettie
Kingston University, United Kingdom
Interaction with Haptic Feedback and Co-Location In Virtual Reality
David Swapp, Vijay Pawar and Céline Loscos
University College London, United Kingdom
Creating a Virtual Window Using Image Based Rendering
Jonas M. Weikop, Rasmus Stenholt, Rune E. Laursen and Erik Granum
Computer Vision and Media Technology Laboratory, Aalborg University, Denmark
Virtual Presence for the Web
Heiner Wolf
Jabber Virtual Presence Project