Hist. 154

SOLDIERS, WARS, AND SOCIETY: THE BRITISH ARMY

LECTURE TERMS TO THE MIDTERM EXAM


Week 1. The Birth of the Standing British Army, 1660-97

 

Charles II

James II

Oliver Cromwell

New Model Army

General George Monck

"Fifth Monarchy Men"

Lord General's Regiment of Foot Guards (Coldstream Guards)

Catherine of Braganza

Tangier

Duke of Monmouth

Battle of Sedgemoor

William III

Glorious Revolution

Louis XIV

John Graham of Claverhouse ("Bonnie Dundee")

Battle of Killiecrankie

Battle of the Boyne

War of the League of Augsburg ("King William's War")

Duke of Luxembourg

Battle of Steenkirk

Siege of Namur


 

Week 2. Marlborough and the War of Spanish Succession, 1702-14
 

War of Spanish Succession

Captain-General John Churchill, Duke of Marlborough

Louis XIV

Philip of Anjou

Leopold I

Grand Alliance

Regiment of Horse (Cavalry)

Regiment of Foot (Infantry)

Dragoons

Board of Ordnance

Platoon Fire

Louis William, Margrave of Baden

SchellenbergHeights

Maximilian, the Elector of Bavaria

Marshal Duke Francois de Villeroi

Marshal Count Camille de Tallard

Battle of Blenheim


 

Week 3. George I, George II, and the War of Austrian Succession, 1713-47
 

George I

John Erskine, Earl of Mar

"The Fifteen"

Prince James Francis Edward Stuart ("Old Pretender")

George II

Maria Teresa of Austria

Frederick II of Prussia ('the Great")

Pragmatic Army

Duc de Noailles

Battle of Dettingen

William Augustus, the Duke of Cumberland

Marshal Count Maurice de Saxe

Fontenoy

Lieutenant Colonel Lord Charles Hay

Prince Charles Edward Stuart ("Young Pretender" or "Bonnie Prince Charlie")

"The Forty-Five"

Lieutenant General Sir John Cope

Prestonpans

Highland Charge

Lieutenant General George Murray

Lieutenant General Henry Hawley

Battle of Falkirk

Battle of Culloden Moor


The Battle of Minden, August 1, 1759, where six British and three Hanoverian infantry battalions
drove off masses of French cavalry and pierced the middle of the enemy line.


Week 4. The Seven Years War, 1754-63
 

Seven Years War

Lieutenant Colonel George Washington

FortNecessity

Frederick the Great

Major General Edward Braddock

FortDuquesne

Braddock's Defeat (or Battle of the Monongahela)

Marquis de Montcalm

William Pitt the Elder

Major General James Abercromby

Ticonderoga

Lord George Augustus Howe

Major General Jeffrey Amherst

Siege of Louisbourg

Major General James Wolfe

Siege of Quebec

Lieutenant Colonel William Howe

Plains of Abraham

Prince Ferdinand of Brunswick

Marquis Louis de Contades

Battle of Minden

General Spörcken

Lieutenant General George, Lord Sackville

Battle of Warburg

Lieutenant General John Manners, Marquis of Granby

Honorable East India Company

Surajah Dowla

Robert Clive

Battle of Plassey


A portrait miniature of an unknown officer of the 17th
Regiment of Foot, circa 1775.  The 17th Foot was sent
from Ireland to fight in the Thirteen Colonies at the
outset of the American War of Independence.


Week 4. The American War of Independence, 1775-83

 

Lieutenant General Thomas Gage

Concord Expedition

Breed's Hill

Lord George Germain (a.k.a. Lord George Sackville)

General Sir William Howe

General George Washington

Governor Sir Guy Carleton

Battle of Quebec

New York City Campaign

Battle of Trenton

Lieutenant General John Burgoyne

Major General Horatio Gates

Saratoga Campaign

Philadelphia Campaign

Siege of Gibraltar

Siege of Savannah

Lieutenant General Sir Henry Clinton

Siege of Charleston

Lieutenant General Charles, Second Earl Cornwallis

Battle of Camden

Battle of King's Mountain

Major General Nathanael Greene

Battle of Cowpens

Battle of Guilford Courthouse

Siege of Yorktown

Comte de Rochambeau


 

Week 4. The Wars against the Mahrattas and Mysore, 1763-1818


 

Hyder Ali

Tipu Sultan

Governor Charles, Lord Cornwallis

Third Mysore War

Governor General Richard Wellesley (Lord Mornington)

General George Harris

Siege of Seringapatam

Major General David Baird

Baji Rao II

Major General Arthur Wellesley

Battle of Assaye


 

Week 5. Early Campaigns against Revolutionary and Napoleonic France, 1793-1808


 

Frederick Augustus, Duke of York

General Jean Nicolas Houchard

Battle of Hondschoote

Purchase System

RoyalMilitaryCollege

Light Infantry

95th Rifles

Major General Sir John Moore

Shorncliffe Camp

"Blue Water" Policy

General Sir Ralph Abercromby

General Napoleon Bonaparte

Admiral Horatio Nelson 

Battle of the Nile

AboukirBay

Battle of Alexandria


  

(Left) Lieutenant General Sir Thomas Picton, one of the Duke of Wellington's hardest
fighting generals in the Iberian Peninsula who fell at the Battle of Waterloo, June 18,
1815.  (Right) A dapper officer of the 95th Rifles, the elite regiment that greatly
enhanced the Duke of Wellington's skirmishing capacity in both the Peninsular War
and Waterloo.


Week 5. Wellington and the Peninsular War, 1808-14

William Pitt the Younger

Napoleon I

General Andoche Junot

King Joseph (Bonaparte) of Spain

Lieutenant General Sir Arthur Wellesley (later Viscount Wellington, and still later the Duke of Wellington)

Battle of Vimeiro

Convention of Cintra

Lieutenant General Sir John Moore

Marshal Nicolas Jean de Dieu Soult

Battle of Corunna

General Gregorio de la Cuesta

Marshal Claude P. Victor

Battle of Talavera

General William C. Beresford

Caçadores

Lieutenant Colonel Henry Shrapnel

Battle of Busaco

Marshal Andre Massena

Battle of Salamanca

General Auguste F. Marmont

Siege of Badajoz


 

6. Peacetime Economy and the Conquest of India, 1815-54


 

Lord Hastings

Conquest of Burma

Battle of Rangoon

First Afghan War

Shah Shujah

Major General William G. K. Elphinstone

Battle of Gandamak

Major General Sir George Pollock

First Sikh War

Ranjit Singh

Khalsa

General Sir Hugh Gough

Battle of Mudki

General Harry Smith

Battle of Ferozeshah

Battle of Aliwal

Battle of Sobraon

Treaty of Lahore

Second Sikh War

Battle of Chilianwala

Battle of Gujrat


British troops search a battlefield for their wounded during the Indian Mutiny of 1857-58.
Wounded mutineeers were usually executed on the spot.


Week 7.The Crimean War and Indian Mutiny, 1854-58

 

Crimean War

Czar Nicholas I

Field Marshal FitzRoy James Henry Somerset, First Baron Raglan

Prince Menschicoff

Battle of the Alma

Battle of Balaclava

"Thin Red Line"

Charge of the Heavy Brigade

Charge of the Light Brigade

Battle of Inkerman ("Soldiers' Battle")

Siege of Sevastopol

William Howard Russell

Florence Nightingale

Meerut

Colonel Carmichael Smyth

3rd Light Cavalry

Siege of Delhi

Chief Commissioner John Lawrence

Cawnpore

General Sir Hugh Wheeler

Nana Sahib

Sir Henry Lawrence

Siege of Lucknow Residency

Lord Canning

Major General Henry Havelock (later Sir Henry Havelock)

Cawnpore Massacre

Relief of Lucknow

General Sir Colin Campbell

Brigadier General Archdale Wilson

Brigadier General John Nicholson

Sir Hugh Rose