|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||
|
|
Author: Yoshioka, Takamoto et al. Journal: JOE vol. 28(6): 452-53, June 2002 Reviewed
by: Andrew Schoelch,
D.D.S. Purpose: Materials
and Methods: - 260 extracted human teeth were used - Teeth were accessed - Root canal orifices were identified by the three methods mentioned by two undergraduate dental students with no clinical experience. - 5 minutes was allowed with each tooth. - Teeth were injected with ink, demineralized and cleared. - #
of orfices were determined
by observing the transparent tooth on the display of a CCD camera at
magnification. Results: - When using the microscope more orifices were detected. - Refer
to page 453 of JOE for complete results. Conclusion:
|
|
Author: Kefah M. Barrieshi-Nusair Journal:
Journal of Endodontics, 28( 6): 454-456,
2002 Prepared by: Donna Salin,
D.M.D. Purpose: To compare the cleanliness of the root
canal walls, the time, and the canal deviation after retreatment
using nickel titanium (NiTi) rotary and stainless
steel (SS) files. Materials and Methods: ·
40 extracted canines were step-back prepared and obturated
with gutta-percha and sealer. ·
Retreatment was performed either by using
chloroform and SS hand files or chloroform and NiTi
rotary files. ·
Time was recorded and radiographs of the root canals were made before
and after retreatment . ·
Teeth were split longitudinally, photographed, and projected onto a
screen. ·
The amount of gutta-percha and sealer remaining on canal walls was
traced and measured. Results: ·
The mean percentage of wall coverage by remaining obturating
material in the SS group was 13.6% and was 15.2% for the NiTi
group, which was not statistically significant. ·
No severe canal deviation occurred with either retreatment
method. ·
There was a statistical significance in the mean retreatment
time, which was 6.3 min for the SS group and 7.9 min for the NiTi group Conclusion: ·
NiTi rotary and SS hand methods were similar
in material remaining after retreatment, but the SS
hand method was a bit faster. |
|
Title: Incidence of postoperative pain after intracanal procedures based on an antimicrobial strategy Author: Siqueira, et al Journal: JOE 2002; 28(6): 457-60 Reviewer:
Gerard L.Simoneaux Purpose: To evaluate the incidence of post-op pain after intracanal
procedures based on an antimicrobial strategy Materials & Methods: · Data examined from 627 teeth of 602 patients referred for RCT. Teeth had necrotic pulp or need for retx. Information obtained from patient regarding pre-op pain. Occurrence of periapical radiolucency (PARL) was also recorded. Operators were undergrad students in the 1st year of endo program. · RCT was initiated using a standardized technique (chemomechanical 2.5% NaOCl & hand instrumentation). Canals were then medicated with Ca(OH)2/CPMC. No systemic meds were prescribed; pts were instructed to take mild analgesics as needed. · After 1 wk, pts returned for obturation (GP & Sealer 26) via lateral condensation. Pts were asked about the occurrence of post-op pain (no pain, mild pain, moderate pain or severe pain). Results: 15.2% has some level of post-op pain. · Mild pain = 10% · Moderate = 3.3% ·
Severe (flare-up) = 1.9% Post-op
pain most associated with previously symptomatic teeth w/o PARL. No other
correlation detected b/w post-op discomfort and other clinical conditions. No
difference regarding incidence of post-op pain b/w treatment and retx. Of previously symptomatic teeth, treatment was
effective in completely eliminating pain in 71.7% w/o PA lesion, 77.6% w/
associated PA lesion and 62.5% of retx. Discussion:
|
|
Title: Sealing ability of mineral trioxide
aggregate and super-EBA when used as furcation
repair materials: a longitudinal study Author: Weldon, J.K. et al. Journal: JOE, vol. 28 (6):467, June 2002. Reviewer: Allyson Byrne, D.M.D. Materials and Methods: 51 extracted human maxillary molars had crowns removed 3mm above the CEJ, and the roots amputated 3mm below the furcation. The teeth were obturated with gutta percha and the root ends were sealed with C and B metabond. A #2 high speed round bur was used to perforate the furcations at the center of the pulp chamber floor. Three groups of 15 teeth had perforations restored with MTA, Super EBA, or a combination of MTA in the apical half of the perforation and Super-EBA in the remaining perforation space and formed into a dome on the pulpal floor. Six teeth served as controls. The integrity of the perforation seal was evaluated using a fluid filtration device at a pressure of 20cm H2O. Evaluations were performed initially at 4hr for the MTA group, at 30min for the Super-EBA and combination group, then all groups at 24hr, 1wk and 1month. Results: Super-EBA produced a superior seal but only at 24hr. All materials sealed the perforations well, both initially and over the 1 month duration of the study. Discussion: The fluid filtration method was chosen to assess microleakage because it permits a quantitative measurement over a longitudinal time period without destruction of the specimens. A pressure of 20cm H2O was chosen because a similar pressure exists in the marrow spaces of bone under furcations. Due to the slow setting time of MTA, the dimensions of the perforation are an important factor in determining which material to use.
|
|
Week of October 16, 2002 |
|
Author: Goldberg,Fernando and Massone, Enrique J. Journal: JOE, vol.28(7):510, July 2002 Reviewer: Sang Shin, D.M.D. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the transportation produced at the apical foramen by the use of stainless steel and nickel-titanium K-files #10, #15, #20, and #25 as a patency file. Materials and Methods: Thirty human maxillary lateral incisors were transversally cut at 4 mm from the apex and mounted in square pieces of silicone with special marks to ensure repositioning of the specimens. The specimens were randomly divided in two equal groups of 15. In group A, stainless steel K-files #10, #15, #20, and #25 were used as a patency file. In group B, a stainless steel K-file #10 followed by nickel-titanium K-files #15, #20, and #25 were used as in group A. Sodium hypochlorite was used as the irrigation solution. Photographic slides of the apical foramen of each specimen before instrumentation and after the use of each file size were taken. The photographic slides of each specimen were mounted in slide mounts, projected onto the same drawing paper, and superimposed according to the peripheral shape of the root. Transportation of the apical foramen was determined comparing the five drawings of each specimen. Statistical analysis was performed using Fishers test. Results: Transportation was detected in 18 of 30 specimens; 9 in group A and 9 in group B. No statistically significant differences were seen between groups (p=1.00). Discussion: No statistical differences were observed when stainless steel or nickel-titanium K-files were used as a patency file. In this experiment, in 10 (33.3%) of the 30 specimens evaluated, transportation started when a #10 file size was used. When a #20 file was used as a patency file, the possibility of transporting the apical foramen increased to 56.6% (17 of the 30 specimens analyzed). If a patency file is used, one should use the smallest file size possible. |
|
Author: Wolcott, James and et.al. Journal: JOE, vol.28(6):477, June 2002 Purpose: To investigate the incidence of MB2 canals while endodontically treating and retreating maxillary molars. Materials and Methods: 1193 maxillary first and 680 maxillary second molars were treated during a 24-month period. Magnification and fiberoptic headlamps were used during treatment by five endodontists in private practice. To be noted as an MB2 canal, the canal had to be negotiable and obturated to its own apex when contiguous with the first mesiobuccal canal. Results: The MB2 canal was found in 724 (61%) of first molars and 245 (36%) of second molars. The incidence of a MB2 canal in first molar retreatments was 67% compared to a 59% incidence in initial treatments. In second molars, the retreatment incidence was 44% compared with 35% in initial treatments. Conclusion: The significant difference in the incidence of the MB2 canal between initial treatments and retreatments suggests that failure to find and treat existing MB2 canals may decrease the long-term prognosis. |
|
Author: Garrett, K., et al Journal: JOE, 28(7): 503-506, July 2002 Reviewer: Fernando Meza, D.M.D. Purpose: To assess the rate of healing of periapical bony defects created at the time of endodontic periapical surgery by using or not using Guidor bioresorbable membrane material. Materials and Methods: Twenty-five healthy male and female subjects of ages 24-67 with failed non-surgical RCT presenting with periapical radiolucency, and requiring periapical root-end surgery. The surgery consisted of reflecting a full thickness mucoperiosteal flap, crypt enlargement, resection of apex, placement of root-end filling, and placement of Guidor resorbable membrane 2 to 4 mm beyond the margins of the bony defect in the experimental group. Radiographs were taken with a customized jig to reproduce film position every time. Densitometric ratio was obtained by tracing the normal healthy bone (N), and area of periradicular periodontitis (AP), and measuring the density (mean pixel value) of each outline on the immediate digitized, subtracted, post-op radiographs. Outlines were saved and superimposed over subsequent recall radiographs at 3,6, and 12 months. The mean:density ratios of AP/N were calculated for each radiograph to determine the radiographic change over time. Results: The final sample size was n=9 for experimental and n=6 for control groups. The Guidor and control groups were compared using repeated measures ANOVA. There was a significant difference in increased radiopacity for each group, and a constant change between the two groups. There was no statistical difference when comparing the AP/N ratio of the two groups. Discussion: Densitometric analysis revealed no effect on the rate or amount of healing of the bony defect by the resorbable Guidor membrane. The study confirms two findings from previous studies that use of resorbable membrane in cats had no statistically significant effect on osseous healing (Maguire et al), and that there was no difference in bone regeneration between resorbable Guidor membrane and control sites in rats (Bohning et al). Weaknesses of the study include small sample size, and low recall rates (46%), due to inability to contact patients, and tooth extractions. In conclusion, the results suggest that placement of resorbable Guidor membrane in a four-walled apical osseous defect has no advantage and is just an added expense for patients. |
|
Week of October 30, 2002 |
|
Title: Lateral condensation in canals prepared with nickel titanium rotary instruments:
an evaluation of the use of three different master cones Author: Hembrough, Michael W. and et. al. Reviewer: Sang Shin, D.M.D. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the use of the lateral condensation technique in obturating canals prepared with 0.06 mm/mm tapered nickel-titanium rotary files and to evaluate what effect, if any, the use of 0.06- or near 0.06-mm/mm tapered master cones have on obturation quality and efficiency compared with the conventional technique of using 0.02-mm/mm tapered ISO-standard master cones. Materials and Methods: Forty-five single-rooted teeth were instrumented with Profile ISO .06 nickel-titanium rotary instruments and obturated with lateral condensation using three different master cones: an ISO-standardized gutta-percha cone (group A), a Dia-ISOGT .06 gutta-percha cone (group B), and a size medium gutta-percha cone (group C). Obturation efficiency in each group was evaluated by recording the number of accessory cones utilized. To evaluate obturation quality in the three groups, a cross-sectional observation of the ability of the gutta-percha in each group to obliterate the prepared canal space was carried out. Statistical analysis for all data was performed by using one-way ANOVA and Bonferroni multiple comparison test. Results: Obturation
efficiency was significantly greater in groups B and C than in group A. There
was no significant difference in obturation quality
between any of the three groups. Discussion: The use of either a Dia- ISOGT .06 gutta-percha cone or a custom-fitted, size medium gutta-percha cone as the master cone in the lateral condensation technique for obturating canals prepared with Profile ISO .06 nickel titanium rotary instruments is both more efficient than, and equally effective to, the use of the lateral condensation technique with an ISO-standardized master gutta-percha cone.
|
|
Author: Villegas, J., Yoshioka, T., Kobayashi, C. et al Journal: JOE 28(7) 534-537 Reviewed by: Michael Pallante, D.M.D.
Purpose: To evaluate accessory canal obturation after four different final irrigation regimes Materials and Methods:
Obturation material
penetration rate (OPR) of the accessory canal was calculated by dividing OPR
length by the length of the accessory canal.
Comparisons were made using ANOVA and PLSD tests.
Discussion: The effect of irrigant
penetration, time, and concentration were not evaluated in this study and
this remains to be elucidated.
|
|
Author: Journal: JOE, Vol 28, (7), July 2002 Reviewed by: Pranav Vohra,
D.M.D. Purpose: To analyze and evaluate the factors associated with choosing surgery as opposed to re-treatment. Materials and Methods: -The following factors were observed: a) Type and quality of coronal restoration. b) Type, quality and length (greater or less than 5mm) of post. c) Quality of root filling. d) Evaluation of apical segment for perforation or blockage. e) Presence of periapical radiolucency (PARL). -Cases were assigned into surgery category based on: a) Impossible re-treatment due to blocked canals, separated instruments, anatomy or transported canals. b) Post length greater than 5mm. c) Adequate root canal filling with persisting symptoms. Results: - Apical surgery was justified in 45% of the cases. - Re-treatment or follow up was recommended in 55% of cases. Discussion: - The authors recommend that based on the availability of technological advances such as ultrasonics and microscopes, re-treatment of failing previous root canal therapy should be the treatment of choice in the majority of cases.
|
|
Author: Jones, Vincent R. and et.al. Journal: JOE, Vol 28, (7)531, July 2002 Reviewed by: Michael Moreno, D.M.D. Purpose: Compare the effectiveness of CO2 dry ice versus Refrigerant spray in eliciting a response in human patients. Materials and Methods: 15 people were selected to participate in the study. One anterior, one premolar, and one molar were selected for testing. Negative controls were endodontically treated teeth. One quadrant at a time was isolated with gauze and dried. CO2 testing was done by placing the tip of the ice stick on the midfacial surface of the tooth. A response was recorded as a yes or a no. The elapsed time before response was recorded in seconds. Results: CO2 and Refrigerant spray were equivalent in producing a pulpal response without regard to tooth or presence of restoration. The refrigerant was usually faster than CO2 dry ice in eliciting a response. Conclusion: Both cold testing methods were equally
effective. Subjects had a quicker and
more intense reaction to the refrigerant than to the CO2. This may be due to the volume of agent
retained on a cotton pellet or that which remains on the tooth surface after
pellet removal. Patients were unable
to identify the type of cold test used with any accuracy. |
|
|
|||||
|
|
|
||||
|
|